Phonetics In Homoeopathy

ABSTRACT: At the point when we talk about speech and phonation we have parcel of data and huge numbers of researches are going on yet as far homeopathy is concerned this has been a trifling viewpoint even though we talk a great deal about treating the patients individually. There are maze of rubrics accessible in repertories which signify the discourse and speech sounds which would portray the patient and help in the homeopathic treatment. Right now we will perceive how to utilize this and how these are best valuable in homeopathic practice.

KEYWORDS

Speech, Discourse, Speech sounds, Speech Rubrics, Homoeopathic speech Management, Modern homoeopathic Practice, Synthesis Repertory, Clinical Rubrics.

INTRODUCTION:

PHONATION DEFINITION: The word phonation implies creation or expression of discourse sounds. Phonation is the procedure by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through intermittent vibration.

Discourse/speech: Speech is the principle method of correspondence in people. It is a piece of typical development and improvement of people. It is the method of communicating our considerations, sentiments, and so on. Discourse creation likewise incorporates process known as Phonation (a procedure, where voice delivers as air in lung, goes up and vibrates the vocal lines) and Resonance (this air currently goes through throat, nose and mouth). Issues in Phonation and Resonance process prompts voice issue. This incorporates changed voice quality, pitch, hyper or hypo nasal tone. Discourse is human vocal correspondence utilizing language. Every language utilizes phonetic mixes of vowel and consonant sounds.

In talking, speakers perform a wide range of purposeful discourse acts, e.g., educating, proclaiming, asking, convincing, coordinating, and can utilize articulation, sound, degrees of commotion, beat, and other non-illustrative or paralinguistic parts of vocalization to pass on significance. In their discourse speakers additionally unexpectedly impart numerous parts of their social position, for example, sex, age, spot of inception (through complement), physical states (readiness and lethargy, power or shortcoming, wellbeing or sickness), clairvoyant states (feelings or dispositions), physico-mystic states (moderation or tipsiness, ordinary cognizance and daze states), training or experience, etc. In spite of the fact that individuals usually use discourse in managing different people (or creatures), when individuals swear they don’t constantly mean to convey anything to anybody, and here and there in communicating their feelings or wants they use discourse as a semi supernatural reason, as when they empower a player in a game to do or caution them not to accomplish something. Specialists study a wide range of parts of discourse: discourse creation and discourse impression of the sounds utilized in a language, discourse redundancy, discourse blunders, the capacity to delineate verbally expressed words onto the vocalizations expected to reproduce them, which assumes a key role in amplification speech abilities, and development of human areas of brain, for example, Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area.

PERCEPTION OF SPEECH SOUNDS:

Discourse/speech perception includes the procedures by which people can decipher and comprehend the sounds utilized in language. The investigation of speech recognition is firmly connected to the fields of phonetics and phonology in etymology and intellectual brain research and observation in brain research. Phonetics comprehensively manages two parts of human discourse: creation—the manners in which people make sounds—and discernment—the manner in which discourse is comprehended.

PHONOLOGY AND MANGEMENT

Phonemic mindfulness alludes to the particular capacity to concentrate on and control singular sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. Particularly the kids must be taken consideration for the phonological mindfulness. Kids will normally communicate their dissatisfaction and troubles in a general manner, with statements like “I hate to read my lessons!” or “it’s is irritating to go through my lessons!” A parent may see it when the youngsters experience issues considering rhyming words like bat or rat and also issues in assembling words for example, set up sounds/cl//o//ck/to make the word clock.  The difficulties in the speech sound should be scrutinized and the management strategies should be coined based on that.

STRATEGIES THAT MIGHT HELP:

1. Rehearsing the words and sounds over and over with guardians and educator

2. Work on hearing the individual sounds in words.

3. Playing basic rhyming sentence to the child

HOMOEOPATHY IN PRECEPTION AND INTERPRETATION OF PHONATION!

Hahnemann in his sayings discusses the homeopathic doctor to be a sharp spectator. He ought to be receptive like a photographic plate and watch all the subtleties while case taking. Contemplating the Individualization, every single symptom relating to the patient is trademark and must be given significance. Elizabeth Wright says “we should begin watching the case directly from the time patient enters your facility”. Every patient has a different tune/accent of speech indeed, for instance, one might have Bombastic way of speaking / explaining the complaints to the physician.⁷ In children there can be difficulty in pronouncing or unusual repetition of words.  Hahnemann in his Oganon of medicine Sixth Edition § 6 mentions about the unprejudiced observer – very much aware of the uselessness of supernatural hypotheses which can get no affirmation as a matter of fact in a case– be, sharp & keen to observe every signs & symptoms in each individual patient. All these perceptible signs speak to the malady in its entire degree, as we structure the genuine and possible “Picture/portrait of the disease”.² We as homeopaths are acceptable onlookers yet now and again we miss minimal fundamental perception like discourse sounds or phonation which would help in individualization as well as differentiating the remedies.

ARTISTIC PRESCRIPTION:

Homeopathy is an art and a science. Hahnemann’s Medical Art. When we take a case it’s the art of finding the remedy at the root which is the most challenging.¹if we go back to the Organon; we are told to believe and trust in the expression of the patient as paramount.What is this artistic expression? In all of its aspects it’s the whole way the patient has their being. Artistic expression is one way of them showing this.There are some incredible stalwarts who recommended depending on a couple of keynotes for the greater part of the cases with extraordinary achievement. We may attempt to copy them yet with a great deal of difficult work and commitment. An artistic prescription is an ideal way of prescribing by perceiving the artistic expressions of the patient in the form of keynotes.

Contingent upon the caliber and proficiency of the doctor the medicine could be logical, aesthetic/artistic or natural.

• The keynote is a predominant indication/ symptom which focus on the totality.
• When the prescriber gets comfortable with these keynotes he will have the option to discover rapidly the cure in a given case as the field of choice has been limited.
• A trademark/keynote is a speculation drawn from the impossible to miss indications by sensible conclusion. So they can’t be resolved until a total assessment of the considerable number of side effects of the case (numerical totality) with the end goal of examination.
• There is typically some RUPS for the situation, some striking particulars in the case that guides the focus toward certain medication and this is what Dr. Guernsey called a keynote. It’s known as Hahnemann’s characteristic symptom.
• When he perceives such a keynote/characteristic symptom in a case. Reference to repertory and MM will confirm and finish the examination.

REPERTORIAL VIEW:

            Prescribing in homoeopathy is both Science and Art. The repertories intend to serve a handy and useful reference book. Some contemporary repertories do give effective rubrics regarding the speech and the phonation. At times as the rubrics are not in colloquial language we are unable to interpret the meanings of the rubric in order to utilize them in the Repertorisation and this creates a mess in the prescription. This leads to incorrect similimum or undesired results.  Repertory being an aid to find out similimum should be learnt thoroughly for effective prescription. Here I have tabulated few rubrics related to phonation along with their description/meaning which could serve the purpose better and would be helpful in the reference.

Keeping in mind the “ARTISTIC PRESCRIPTION”, different sounds of speech are taken from authentic modern repertories with FOUR grades of markings [CAPITAL BOLD, CAPITAL, Italics, Roman] have been tabulated below for the easy reference.

PHONATION RUBRICS IN MODERN REPERTORIES

 

S.NO	SPEECH RUBRIC/SOUNDS	MEANING/DESCRIPTION	REMEDIES
1	ABRUPT	SUDDEN & UNEXPECTED SPEECH	ars.cham.mur-ac.plb.sul-ac.sulph.TARENT.
2	BABBLING	INARTICULATE SPEECH/SPEAKING INCOMPHREHESIBLE WAY	Gels. HYOS. Lach. lyc. merc. plb. sel. Stram.
3	BEMOANING	COMPLAININGSPEEECH	Acon. Ars. Bry. ip. LYC. merc. phos. Puls. rhus-t. sep.sil. Sulph. VERAT-V.
4	BOMBASTIC	SHOWY IN SPEECH	Anac. crot-h. Lach. lyc. nux-v. Plat. staph. sulph.
5	DICTATORIAL	AUTHORITATIVE SPEECH; LIKING TO GIVE ORDER	Lyc.Phos
6	FLATTERING	EXCESSIVE PRAISE (OR) APPROVAL, WHICH IS OFTEN INSINCERE	arn.carb-v.LYC.nux-v.petr.plat.puls.sil.staph.sulph
7	FACILE	SUPERFICIAL/IGNORING THE TRUE COMPLEXITIES OF AN ISSUE	cupr-act. hyos. kali-c. lach. ped. sacch-a. sil. thea
8	GRUNTING	A SHORT, SNORTING SOUND OFTEN TO SHOW DISAPPROVAL WHEN ONE IS RELUCTANT TO SPEAK	bell.Cinahell.ign.puls
9	HEEDLESS	WITHOUT NOTICING UNAWARE/INATTENTIVE SPEECH	Iod, am-c.
10	HESITATING	INDECESSIVE SPEECH	absin.agar.agn.Arg-n.canth.euphr.graph.kali-br.lyc.merc.Nux-m.ph-ac.Puls.sec.
11	HUMILIATION	TO INJURE A PERSON’S DIGNITY & SELF RESPECT	Carc.Ign.Staph
12	HYSTERICAL	EXHIBITING EXCESSIVE (OR) UNCONTROLLABLEEMOTION	cinnm. hyos. ign. mosch.
13	INDISTINCT	NOT CLEARLY DEFINED / VAGUE	Barc.BROM.bry.bufo.caust.Cocc.crot-h.gels.Glon.hyos.lach.Lyc..nit-ac.nux-v.
14	IRRATIONAL	NONSENSIAL	Camph.cupr. Hyos.Lach. op. stram
15	IRRELEVANT	NOTCONNECTED TO CONTEXT	atro. hyos. nux-m
16	LACONIC	SPEECH MARKED BY THE USE OF FEW WORDS	acon.
17	LISPING	TO PRONOUNCE THE SIBILANT LETTER ‘S’ IMPERFECTLY TO GIVE ‘S’ & ‘Z’ SOUND OF ‘TH’	Acon.Ars.con.Lach.nat-c.nux-v.Verat
18	LOQUACIOUS	RESTLESSLY TALKATIVE	am-c. arn. cham. chin. dig. ign. Lach.lyc. viol-t
19	MOCKING	TEASING OR MAKING FUN	ars.chin.ip.Lach.par.plat.tarent.
20	MONOTONOUS	HAVING AN UNVARYING TONE (OR) PITCH, TEDIOUS	bry.dros.graph.mang.nat-m.spong.stram.
21	MUMBLING	TO SPEAK UNINTELLIGIBLY (OR) INAUDIBLY	Cocc.Crot-h.Thuj
22	PRATTLING	IN A MANNER WITHOUT STOP TO BABBLE	acon.aloeAnac.bell.BRY.calad.HYOS.ign.lach.nux-v.op.plb.Stram.tarax.
23	PRECOCIOUS	MATURED/SPEAKING TOO MUCH FOR HIS AGE	stroph-h.
24	REITERING	SAYS SOMETHING REPEATEDLY FOR CLARITY	glon
25	RIDICULOUS	FOOLISH	bell. par.
26	SQUEAKING	A FAIRLY LONG, LOUD, SHRILL SOUND OR CRY	ars.bell.camph.cann-s.cupr.lac-ac.STRAM.
27	STAMMERING	SPEAK HALTINGLY AND TO HAVE TROUBLE GETTING THE WORDS OUT.	Acon.aesc.Aesc-g.Arn.BELL.ben-n.both.Bov.BufoCann-i.Cann-s.carb-an.Carbn-s.carc.CAUST.MERC.Nat-c.NUX-V.Spig.staph.STRAM.Sulph.
28	TACITURN	UNTALKATIVE	Tub
29	THREATENING	FRIGHTENING	anac. lach. tarent
30	VIVACIOUS	FULL OF LIFE & ENERGY	Cann-i.Coff.HYOS.Lach.Sulph
31	WANDERING	AIMLESS DISORDERED SPEECH	BELL.Bry.Camph..HYOS.Kali-p.LACH.LYC.NUX-M.STRAM.Sulph.Verat.
32	WHIMPERING	TO CRY (OR) SOB SOFTLY & INTERMITTENLY	Aur.Cham.hyos. ign. Merc. nit-ac. nux-v. verat.
33	WHINING	HIGH PITCHED  COMPLAINING CRY (OR) SOUND	calc-p. cham. cinacrot-h. puls

REFERENCE

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